Abstract
Blockchain networks are increasingly adopted across diverse applications due to their robust security features. Characteristics such as peer-to-peer architecture, decentralization, and immutable distributed ledgers make blockchain technology appealing to academia, industries, and researchers. This paper introduces Proof of Game (PoG), a consensus algorithm designed for both resource-rich and resource-constrained devices. By embedding heavy computational challenges into block structures, PoG mitigates risks from selfish miners and majority attacks.
Key observations include:
- Single/multi-bit challenges escalate resource consumption, complicating block confirmation for constrained devices.
- Multi-round, multi-bit challenges optimize security within time constraints.
- Honest miners with high computational challenges and large participant pools yield more mined blocks.
- Selfish miners exponentially reduce block mining efficiency as computational difficulty rises.
Core Features of PoG
- Adaptability: Suitable for single-player and multiplayer environments.
- Security: Computational barriers deter malicious actors.
- Efficiency: Balances resource use for constrained devices.
Game Theory in Consensus Models
Game theory principles underpin PoG’s design, ensuring Nash equilibrium among participants. This alignment incentivizes honest behavior while penalizing selfish mining strategies.
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Comparative Analysis
| Consensus Model | Resource Intensity | Attack Resistance |
|----------------|-------------------|------------------|
| PoW | High | Moderate |
| PoS | Low | High |
| PoG | Adaptable | High |
FAQs
Q1: How does PoG differ from PoW?
A1: PoG replaces arbitrary computations with game-based challenges, reducing energy waste while maintaining security.
Q2: Is PoG viable for IoT devices?
A2: Yes, its multi-round design accommodates low-power devices.
Q3: What prevents collusion in PoG?
A3: Dynamic challenge adjustments and player diversity minimize collusion risks.
Conclusion
PoG merges game theory with blockchain consensus, offering a scalable, secure, and energy-efficient alternative to traditional models. Its flexibility makes it ideal for future decentralized applications.
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### Keywords:
- Proof of Game (PoG)
- Blockchain consensus
- Game theory
- Selfish mining
- Computational challenges
- Decentralized security